 Pipe
Fitting Specifications
For getting proper pipe fittings to be used in pipes of various sizes,
certain specifications are to be known. These specifications cover the
following:
Specifications of Materials
Various materials having different standards are used to make various
types of pipe fittings like elbows, adapters, tees, flanges, etc. Some
popular fabricated materials and specifications for pipe fittings are as
follows:
- Nickel and Nickel Alloys: ASTM B-366, ASME SB-366, Nickel
200 & 201 (WPN & WPNL), Inconel 600 (WPNCI), Incoloy 800
(WPNIC), Incoloy 825 (WPNICMC), Monel 400 (WPNC), Alloy 20 (WP 20
CB), Hastelloy, C-276, C-4, C-22 etc.
- Stainless Steel: ASTM A-403 and ASME SA-403, 304, 304L,
304H, 304N, 304LN, 316, 316N, 316LN, 309, 310, 317L, 321, 321H, 347
etc.
- Chrome-molybdenum: ASTM A-234 & ASME SA-234,WP-5,
WP-11, WP-9, WP-91, WP-22 etc.
- Aluminum: ASTM B-361, 5083, 66061, 5086
- Titanium: ASTM B-363 & ASME SB-363, WPT7, WPT12, WPT2
- Other Materials:
- Brass
- Bronze
- CPVC
- EPDM
- Fiberglass / Composite
- Iron (Gray / Cast/ Ductile)
- Elastomer
- Neoprene
- Nylon
- Polyamide
- Polyethylene (PE)
- Polypropylene (PP)
- PTFE
- PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
Specifications of Size
To determine the usage of a pipe fitting, size is a very important
criteria. Here, the main considerations are inside diameter and outside
diameter where the inside diameter (ID) has the fitting size matched to
the inside diameter of connecting line. The outside diameter (OD) has
the fitting size matched to the outside diameter of connecting line.
Besides these, sizes also refer to-
- English / Fractional sizes: Measurement done in inches
- Metric sizes: Units in mm/cm
Cleaning and care tips of pipe
fittings:
In most of the pipe fitting systems, contamination is the leading cause
of problems. This problem demands for careful installation and regular
maintenance so that the fittings can prevent any blockages or system
breakdown. Depending on the type of the pipe fitting, there are
different cleaning methods.
For example, one of the caring tips for cleaning hose or tube assembly
is that the hose and tube assemblies should be blown out with filtered
shop air or flushed and then should be blown out with a solvent which is
chemically compatible with the hose material. The ends of the hose /
tube assembly should be capped or plugged till the time the assembly is
installed.
Pressure and Temperature Ratings:
Temperature and Pressure are the two important factors determining the
safe and effective working of any industrial pipe fitting. The range of
temperature and pressure depends on the final application, the material
being used etc. There are various standards that are laid down in
reference to the temperature and pressure parameters. These are as
follows:
- Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP): This is commonly
used to define standard conditions for temperature and pressure.
These are important for the measurements and documentation of
chemical and physical processes.
- Normal Temperature and Pressure (NTP): This is defined as
air at 20 degree C (293.15 K, 68 degree F) and 1 atm ( 101.325
kN/m2, 101.325 kPa, 14.7 psia, 0 psig, 29.92 in Hg, 760 torr).
Density is at 1.204 kg/m3 (0.075 pounds per cubic foot).
- Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure (SATP): This
refers to temperature at 25 deg C (298.15 K) and pressure of 101
kPa.
- International Standard Atmosphere (ISA): Defined to
101.325 kPa, 15 deg C and 0% humidity.
A pipe fitting published working pressure is the maximum pressure
that the pipe should see while in service. A fitting's published burst
pressure is the value at which a brand new piece of pipe will fail
during one time pressure test. |
